Em wave em waves are generated by vibrating electrons composed of two perpendicular oscillating. You can calculate the speed of a wave if you know its wavelength and frequency using the equation below. Notes on wave properties michigan state university. Apart from these properties, different types of waves have a number of varying characteristics. For example,if you move a pencil slowly up and down in a bowl of water, the waves produced by the pencils motion will be small and spread apart. The distance between any point on a wave and the equivalent point on the next phase.
Objectives of lesson to know that sound can be reflected, refracted, diffracted, and produces interference effects. Students will need to be able to identify the properties of a wave in order to be successful in demonstrating their understanding using this escape room. The persistence of sound due to repeated reflection and its gradual fading. Because of the central role played by sound in speech communication, it is important to have a good understanding of how sound is produced, modified, and measured. So take a minute and think about them, about their rate, strength and pattern.
Water waves are the focus of our tsunamis and surf resources, but many other kinds of wave exist. As the teacher talks, students hear the voice because particles of air move from the mouth of the teacher to the ear of the student. Strike the tuning fork again and wait until the sine wave pattern appears as smooth as possible when you get something that looks similar to. Wavelength, period, frequency interference and the linearity of sound sound attenuation spreading loss acoustic impedance scattering reading in chap 2 box 2. The faster waves travel, the more crests or compressions pass by you each second. Wave types transvers e causes the medium to vibrate perpendicular to wave motion o violin strings when plucked have transverse waves longitudinal causes the medium to vibrate parallel to wave motion o sound wave compression pulse single disturbance traveling through the me dium properties. Start the data collection software and connect it to the wireless sound sensor. Aug 18, 2014 the 3 physical properties of sound waves.
This physics tutorial discusses the nature of sound, its characteristic behaviors, and its association with the operation of musical instruments. Sound waves created by a vibrating string a a compression being madecompression being made by the string moving to the right. Sound, a mechanical disturbance from a state of equilibrium that propagates through an elastic material medium. The sound waves are generated by a sound source, such as the vibrating diaphragm of a stereo speaker. Some of these wav es are compressional, and others are transverse. If you move the pencil rapidly, the waves will be larger and close together.
Wave properties depend on what type of energy is making the waves. Sep 06, 2016 characteristics of sound waves sound travels in the form of a wave. J e 27r2ma3f2 j e 12 the total intensity can be expressed in terms of density p p v. Sound waves gas, liquid or solid is mechanically disturbed sound waves are produced speed of sound in a substance depends on physical properties e. They will also need to know the following vocabulary words before playing the game.
They include amplitude, frequency, period, wavelength, speed, and phase. Earthquakes initially produce p waves longitudinal waves as they form below the surface. Know that sound is a wave because it can be reflected and refracted as with particles, diffraction and interference only occur with waves sound waves 2. The sound source creates vibrations in the surrounding medium.
A presentation types of waves, plane waves, spherical waves, transvesal waves. Sound travels fastest in solids because the molecules in a solid are. Room acoustics 101 the physical properties of sound waves. The main factor which effects the speed of a sound wave is the a. Amplitude is a measure of the distance between a line through the middle of a wave and a crest or trough.
Sound waves travel slower in air than in a liquid or solid. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Introduction and types a wave is a transfer of energy through a medium from one point to another. Another key idea in sound waves is the wavelength of the sound wave. There are familiar, everyday sorts of waves in water, ropes and springs. Ncert cbse notes for class 9 science physics chapter 12 sound. Sound b has a lower pitch lower frequency than sound a and is softer smaller amplitude than sound c. What are the characteristics of sound waves a plus topper. In a transverse wave, such as the wave generated in a. Waves going from one medium to another have a transmitted and reflected part o the greater the difference in media, th e smaller the transmitted wave. Study guide wave properties, interactions, and sound waves. The speed of sound in air generally increases by 0. When an object or substance vibrates, it produces sound.
A sound wave compresses pushes together and rarefies spreads apart the particles of the material, and how easily this happens affects the speed of the wave. Properties of mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. General wave properties the behaviour of waves affects us every second of our lives. You might also like crossword puzzle properties of waves. My waves digital and printable interactive notebook brings the use of technology into the classroom. A sound is made by changes in air pressure caused by energy, like the energy you use to clap your hands. Sound can propagate through a medium such as air, water and solids as longitudinal waves and also as a transverse wave in solids see longitudinal and transverse waves, below.
The higher the frequency, the closer the waves are together and the greater the energy carried by the waves will be. The interaction of two waves that meet is called interference. Transverse waves move in an upanddown fashion, characterized by high points called crests and low points called troughs. Sound is a longitudinal wave produced by a vibrating source that causes regular variations in air pressure p in diagram above. This worksheet contains basic conceptual questions about the properties of waves.
A sound wave is an air pressure disturbance that results from vibration. Amplitude the height of a waves crest depends on its. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015. Virtual lab what are some characteristics of waves. Even more important, though only touched on in this book, is the wave phenomenon of quantum mechanics, built into the fabric of our space and time. A sound wave is both the end product of the speech production mechanism and the primary source of raw material used by the listener to recover the speakers message.
There are many properties that scientists use to describe waves. To study the properties of common waves waves on strings, sound waves, and light waves. Depends on the temperature and the medium it is traveling through. Light and optics intro to light light spectrum light as a wave photons electromagnetic waves telescopes lenses the eye and seeing. Shares with sound the properties of spreading loss, attenuation, re. The distance between one point on a wave and the exact same place on the next wave.
This questions are the general question asked in various exams in school for general science and entrance exams for engineering. Two of the main characteristics of sound are pitch and loudness, which in turn are determined by the frequency and amplitude of the wave, respectively. Strike the tuning fork again and wait until the sine wave pattern appears as smooth as possible when you get something that looks similar to figure 1, click stop. Dogs can hear frequencies up to at least 40,000 hertz. A person standing 385 m from a cliff claps her hands loudly, only to hear the sound return to her as an echo 2. There are two basic types of wave, transverse and longitudinal, differentiated by the way in which the wave is propagated.
Edit my cornell notes, warmups, tests and quizzes, and presentation with my powerpoint version, w. Most of the energy in a sound wave will be reflected from the boundary between media if the incidence angle exceeds a threshold see book, some energy will be refracted into media 2, with a reduced angle. A sound wave does not consist of crests and troughs. Siyavulas open physical sciences grade 10 textbook, chapter 10 on sound covering characteristics of a sound wave. Frequency is a measure of how many waves pass a point in a certain amount of time. From the motion of the sounding body we guess that some sort of wave motion passes outwards from it. Some of the worksheets below are waves worksheets middle school pdf waves and wave properties.
Amplitude and frequency of sound waves determine the pitch and volume of sound. There are many types of waves around us, some waves can be seen such as the water waves, other waves can not be seen but we can detect them such as radio and tv waves, waves can be classified into mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. Students use their instrument to help model the transmission of sound. The study of sound should begin with the properties of sound waves. Sound wavesvariation in air pressure can cause objects to oscillate. Sound gets reflected and follows the same law as the reflection of light. A wave is defined as a repetitive disturbance traveling through a medium going from one location to another. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Attention is given to both the purely conceptual aspect of sound waves and to the mathematical treatment of the same topic.
The study of waves is, perhaps, truly the central subject of physics. Professionals, teachers, students and kids trivia quizzes to test your knowledge on the subject. These sound waves can only travel through a solid, liquid or gas. The waves that happen on the surface of the land after the p wave has moved through are s transverse waves. Ncert cbse notes for class 9 science physics chapter 12 sound download pdf. The vertical axis displays the relative intensity or loudness of a sound wave. All sound waves are produced by a vibrating object. Properties of waves worksheets teachers pay teachers. This lesson is to present to you the general properties of sound waves viz. Waves and sound intro to waves properties of waves wave behavior basics of sound pitch and acoustics the sound wave how musical notes work the ear and hearing glossary of wave terms. Characteristics that all waves have in common are wavelength, amplitude and frequency.
Properties of waves the properties that waves have depend on the vibrations that produce the waves. Properties of waves reflection when waves encounter a barrier, some reflection occurs. Waves change at b oundaries of media so the properties of the medium determine the wave o depth of water, tension and density of rope, temperature of air, etc. A purely subjective, but unduly restrictive, definition of sound is also possible, as that which is perceived by the ear. Oct 04, 2019 waves worksheets middle school pdf waves and wave properties. Sound wa ve can be described by five characteristics. Answer the following questions during or after your study of wave properties. A sound wave is made of areas of high pressure alternated by an area of low pressure. Wave properties waves, which are regular patterns of motion, can be made in water by disturbing the surface.
Science journal sections 1 the nature of sound 2 properties of sound 3 music. Behind the cone are lowpressure regions that can cause water vapor to condense, forming the cloud you see here. Each of these properties is described in more detail below. A longitudinal wave that is caused by vibrations and that travels through a material medium. To become familiar with the properties of sinusoidal waves, such as wavelength, wave speed, amplitdue, and frequency.
Sound waves create a coneshaped shock wave coming from the aircraft. A presentation wave types, mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves, parts of transverse waves, and questions like why are we able to see. Wave properties study guide 8th center for teaching. Ultrasound basic idea send waves into body which are reflected at the interfaces between tissue return time of the waves tells us of the depth of the reflecting surface history first practical application, 1912 unsuccessful search for titanic ww ii brought massive military research sonar sound navigation and ranging. Mar 20, 2017 this feature is not available right now. Create a scope display and select sound wave for the vertical axis. Characteristics of sound waves sound travels in the form of a wave. Longitudinal waves are a series of compressed air, where the sound molecules are close together, followed by rarefied air, where the sound molecules are far apart. All kinds of waves have the same fundamental properties of reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference, and all waves have a. Two graphs showing the difference between sound waves with high and low amplitude. The dotted line shows deformation of the string moving to the right when it was reldleased b a rarefaction being made by the string movingmade by the string moving to the left. The higher the frequency, the more energy in the wave. The goal however is a deeper understanding of the physics of waves and sound than.
Write three things that you would like to learn about sound. With that said, the approach here will be to understand music and musical instruments first, and to study the physics of waves and sound as needed to push the understanding of the music concepts. Further, this lesson would enable you to state the conditions that should be satisfied for the. Shares with sound the properties of spreading loss, attenuation. Hearing sound intensity sound level trinity college, dublin. Jan, 2018 gcse science physics 91 properties of waves freesciencelessons. The second section is an introduction to harmonic oscillators. Next generation science standards see above in ngss performance expectation for 4ps4 waves and their applications in technologies for information transfer. Types of waves 2types of waves 2 plane waves propagation direction w plane waves have a propagation direction and therefore plane wavefronts e. Waves a wave is a disturbance that pppg gropagates through space and time, usually with transferrance of energy.
Waves produced by earthquakes are called compressional waves. Speed of sound is generally greater in liquids than gases and typically fastest in solids. Characteristics of sound waves the open university of sri lanka. Th e seismic wav es that cause most damage to buildings are a kind of rolling. The speed of sound varies from material to material. Graphing a wave when drawing a wave or looking at a wave on a graph, we draw the wave as a snapshot in time. The three most important ones for audio work are shown here. While a mechanical wave exists in a medium which on deformation is capable of producing elastic restoring fo rces waves ofproducing elastic restoring f orces, wave s. Since sound is a wave, we can relate the properties of sound to the properties of a wave. We will begin by describing the characteristics of vibrating objects, and then see. The waveform representation converts the pressure variations of sound waves into a pictorial graph which is easier to understand.
Students design and engineer an instrument to demonstrate properties of sound. Sound linearity and interference sound pressure waves combine additively waves that start together are in phase sounds in phase increase in amplitude positive interference sounds out of phase cancel each other out negative interference sounds partially out of phase create varying amplitudes beats. Where do sounds come from sounds are produced by vibrating or oscillating objects. Gcse science physics 91 properties of waves youtube. Learn more about the properties and types of sound in this article. Today were going to look at the three physical properties that sound waves have. These include sound waves, light waves, radio waves, microwaves and others.
Let us discuss through this article about the characteristics of sound and how sound travels. We have listed top multiple choice questions and answers on sound wave in physics. Sound properties such as pitch, loudness and quality are determined by the corresponding wave properties. It can be easily shown that a medium air or some other. A wave is a disturbance, which propagates energy from one place to the other without the transportation of. When waves move across the surface of deep water, the water goes up and down in place. A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate up and down at right. Em waves are generated by vibrating electrons composed of two perpendicular oscillating.
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